pharmachologic effect
When administered parenterally, it has a hypotensive, sedative and anticonvulsant effect, as well as a diuretic, arteriodilatory, antiarrhythmic, vasodilating (on the artery) effect, in high doses – a curariform, tocolytic, hypnotic and narcotic effect, suppresses the respiratory center.
Indications for use
For oral administration: constipation, cholangitis, cholecystitis, hypotonic dyskinesia of the gallbladder, duodenal intubation, bowel cleansing before diagnostic manipulations. For parenteral administration: hypertension, threat of premature birth, convulsions with gestosis, hypomagnesemia, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, eclampsia, encephalopathy, epileptic syndrome, urinary retention. Poisoning with salts of heavy metals.
Method of administration and dosage
As a laxative used for adults , 10-30 g in 0.5 glass of water, for children – at the rate of 1 g per 1 year of life. In chronic constipation it is in the form of enema (100 ml 20-30 % p – pa).
As an antispasmodic and to some extent antihypertensive (lowering blood pressure) agent is sometimes used in the treatment of the early stages of hypertension. Injected i / m 5-10-20 mL of 20 % or 25 % p – pa magnesium sulfate. The course of treatment is 15–20 injections (daily).
Along with a decrease in blood pressure, there may be a decrease in the symptoms of angina pectoris. Systematic ingestion of small doses (1–2 g per 0.5 glass of water on an empty stomach) also sometimes helps to improve the condition of patients.
When hypertensive crises introducing / m or / in (slowly!) 10-20 ml of 20-25 % p – pa magnesium sulfate.
Side effects
Bradycardia, diplopia, sudden flushing of the face, headache, decreased blood pressure, nausea, shortness of breath, blurred speech, vomiting, weakness.
Contraindications
Acute inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity, pregnancy, menstruation, hemorrhoids in the acute stage, cachexia, low blood pressure, old age.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, it causes depression of the central nervous system. As an antidote for an overdose of magnesium sulfate, calcium preparations are used – calcium chloride or calcium gluconate.